DIACHRONIC PRINCIPLE OF IMPLEMENTATION OF MYTH IN LITERATURE THE REALATIONSHIP BETWEEN MYTH AND LITERATURE

Abstract

The subject of this paper is the analysis of the diachronic principle of the implementation of mythical models and patterns in a narrative text. Historically, the presence and explicitness of myth in literature has gradually reduced, and the so-called "unmoved myth" that mainly deals with gods and demons has gradually "moved in the human direction" giving the way to the literary tendency to suggest implicit mythical patterns. Thus, in literature, instead of pure myths, there are procedures that suggest various forms of comparison: "by analogy, significant association, random accompanying images, coincidental images, by which authors no longer create certain metaphors, but a certain mythical atmosphere.

In this paper, author considers those theories that in different terminological categories speak about the same thing - reducing the share of myth in the spiritual and historical development of mankind. Whether it is Cook's phases of myth, whether it is Fry's mythical relocation, the gradual loss of semantic functions of myth in culture, conceived by Olga Freidenberg, or the concealment of mythical gods in Jung's archetypal images and depths of the human psyche, author in this paper tries to prove that the direction of myth as a cultural fact is clear: from the dominant form of thought in primitive times, myth has become one of the factors of conscious or unconscious work of the psyche, a fragment of dreams or memories. And from the unlimited empire he occupied in the original syncretism of thought, the myth has continued to live in "underground layers" of higher cultural creations: religion, art, philosophy and science.